{"id":7531,"date":"2022-10-13T09:09:22","date_gmt":"2022-10-13T09:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/?p=7531"},"modified":"2024-11-28T06:50:36","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T06:50:36","slug":"principe-de-fabrication-et-introduction-au-processus-des-ecrans-lcd-tft","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/fr\/principe-de-fabrication-et-introduction-au-processus-des-ecrans-lcd-tft\/","title":{"rendered":"Principe de fabrication et processus de production des \u00e9crans TFT LCD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Le panneau TFT-LCD est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement constitu\u00e9 d'une couche de cristaux liquides prise en sandwich entre deux substrats de verre. Le substrat sup\u00e9rieur est combin\u00e9 \u00e0 un filtre couleur, tandis que le substrat inf\u00e9rieur est int\u00e9gr\u00e9 avec des transistors. Le verre sup\u00e9rieur est li\u00e9 au filtre couleur de sorte que chaque pixel (Pixel) contienne trois couleurs : rouge, bleu et vert. Ces pixels rouges, bleus et verts constituent l'image sur le panneau.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Les trois principaux processus de fabrication du TFT-LCD : <strong>Array (Matrice), Cell (Cellule), Module<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Front Array (Matrice avant), Middle Cell (Cellule interm\u00e9diaire) : la Cellule utilise le verre de l'Array avant comme substrat, combin\u00e9 au substrat de verre du filtre couleur, et entre les deux substrats de verre est inject\u00e9 un cristal liquide (LC). Le processus d'assemblage du module arri\u00e8re est le processus d'assemblage final du verre apr\u00e8s le processus Cell, avec d'autres accessoires tels que les panneaux de r\u00e9tro\u00e9clairage, les circuits et les cadres ext\u00e9rieurs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Veuillez consulter l'image suivante qui illustre l'ensemble du processus de fabrication d'un \u00e9cran TFT LCD. Cette image vous pr\u00e9sentera l'ensemble du processus de fabrication avec des textes simples et une description visuelle.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7532 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process.jpg\" alt=\"tft lcd manufacturer process\" width=\"1500\" height=\"2004\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process-1000x1336.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process-766x1024.jpg 766w, https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process-1150x1536.jpg 1150w, https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/tft-lcd-manufacturer-process-600x802.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>1. Processus Array (Matrice)<\/strong><br \/>\n1) Avant la fabrication, nous avons besoin d'un morceau de verre \u00e0 surface lisse et sans impuret\u00e9s. Le verre doit \u00eatre nettoy\u00e9, puis s\u00e9ch\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">2) Pour d\u00e9poser un film m\u00e9tallique sur le substrat de verre, le mat\u00e9riau m\u00e9tallique doit \u00eatre plac\u00e9 dans une chambre \u00e0 vide pour garantir la propret\u00e9 de tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments. Apr\u00e8s que le gaz sp\u00e9cial sur le m\u00e9tal g\u00e9n\u00e8re un plasma, les atomes du m\u00e9tal sont projet\u00e9s sur le verre, formant ainsi un film m\u00e9tallique.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">3) Apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9p\u00f4t du film m\u00e9tallique, il est n\u00e9cessaire de d\u00e9poser une couche non conductrice et une couche semi-conductrice. Dans la chambre \u00e0 vide, la plaque de verre est d'abord chauff\u00e9e, puis un gaz sp\u00e9cial est pulv\u00e9ris\u00e9 par un pulv\u00e9risateur \u00e9lectrique haute tension pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des \u00e9lectrons et un plasma gazeux. Apr\u00e8s une r\u00e9action chimique, une couche non conductrice et une couche semi-conductrice se forment sur le verre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">4) Apr\u00e8s la formation du film, nous devons cr\u00e9er le motif du transistor sur le verre. Tout d'abord, entrer dans la salle jaune et pulv\u00e9riser une photor\u00e9sine tr\u00e8s sensible \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re, puis placer un photomasque pour irradier avec de la lumi\u00e8re bleu-violet pour l'exposition, et enfin l'envoyer dans la zone de d\u00e9veloppement pour pulv\u00e9riser le r\u00e9v\u00e9lateur, ce qui permet d'\u00e9liminer la photor\u00e9sine apr\u00e8s \u00e9clairage et de fa\u00e7onner la couche de photor\u00e9sistance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">5) Apr\u00e8s le fa\u00e7onnage de la photor\u00e9sine, nous pouvons proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une gravure humide pour exposer le film inutile, ou \u00e0 une gravure s\u00e8che par r\u00e9action chimique au plasma. Apr\u00e8s la gravure, la photor\u00e9sine restante est \u00e9limin\u00e9e avec un liquide glissant, et finalement le motif de circuit n\u00e9cessaire pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer le transistor est obtenu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">6) Pour former un transistor \u00e0 film mince utilisable, il est n\u00e9cessaire de r\u00e9p\u00e9ter les processus de nettoyage, d\u00e9p\u00f4t, photor\u00e9sine, exposition, d\u00e9veloppement, gravure, \u00e9limination de la photor\u00e9sine, etc. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, pour fabriquer un TFT-LCD, il faut r\u00e9p\u00e9ter ces \u00e9tapes 5 \u00e0 7 fois.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>2. Processus d'assemblage (Cell)<\/strong><br \/>\n1) Apr\u00e8s avoir termin\u00e9 le substrat de verre du transistor \u00e0 film mince, nous assemblons le panneau \u00e0 cristaux liquides. Le panneau \u00e0 cristaux liquides est compos\u00e9 d'un substrat de verre \u00e0 transistors et d'un filtre couleur. Tout d'abord, nous devons laver le verre, puis passer \u00e0 l'\u00e9tape suivante. L'ensemble du processus de fabrication du TFT-LCD doit se d\u00e9rouler dans une salle blanche, afin qu'il n'y ait pas d'impuret\u00e9s \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur de l'affichage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">2) Le filtre couleur est d\u00e9pos\u00e9 chimiquement pour former les couleurs rouge, verte et bleue sur le verre, dispos\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re ordonn\u00e9e, puis recouvertes d'une couche de film conducteur pour terminer.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">3) Dans l'ensemble du processus de combinaison, nous devons d'abord d\u00e9poser une couche de film chimique sur le verre et le filtre couleur recouverts de transistors, puis effectuer l'action d'alignement.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">4) Avant de combiner les deux plaques de verre, nous devons les remplir uniform\u00e9ment avec des espaceurs sph\u00e9riques \u00e0 intervalles fixes, afin d'\u00e9viter que les deux plaques de verre ne se d\u00e9forment vers l'int\u00e9rieur apr\u00e8s l'assemblage du panneau \u00e0 cristaux liquides. Habituellement, lors de l'assemblage du panneau \u00e0 cristaux liquides, un ou deux espaces sont laiss\u00e9s pour faciliter l'injection ult\u00e9rieure du cristal liquide, puis un joint d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 et une colle conductrice sont utilis\u00e9s pour sceller les bords des deux morceaux de verre, achevant ainsi l'assemblage du verre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">5) Apr\u00e8s le scellement du cadre, placer le panneau dans la chambre \u00e0 vide, extraire l'air du panneau LCD par l'espace pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment r\u00e9serv\u00e9, puis injecter le cristal liquide dans le panneau \u00e0 l'aide de la pression atmosph\u00e9rique, et enfin fermer l'espace. Le cristal liquide est une substance interm\u00e9diaire entre le solide et le liquide, avec des caract\u00e9ristiques d'arrangement mol\u00e9culaire r\u00e9gulier. <a href=\"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/what-causes-lcd-panel-failure\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"61\">panneau LCD<\/a> 6) Enfin, coller deux polariseurs dans la direction verticale, et l'ensemble du panneau LCD est termin\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">3. Processus Module.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>1) Apr\u00e8s l'application du polariseur, nous commen\u00e7ons \u00e0 installer le DRIVE IC sur les deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s du panneau LCD. Le DRIVE IC est une partie de pilotage tr\u00e8s importante, utilis\u00e9e pour contr\u00f4ler la couleur et la luminosit\u00e9 du LCD.<\/strong><br \/>\n2) Ensuite, connecter l'entr\u00e9e du DRIVE IC \u00e0 la carte de circuit par soudure. De cette fa\u00e7on, le signal peut \u00eatre envoy\u00e9 sans probl\u00e8me, puis l'image sur le panneau de contr\u00f4le peut \u00eatre contr\u00f4l\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">3) La lumi\u00e8re du panneau LCD est \u00e9mise par le r\u00e9tro\u00e9clairage. Avant d'assembler le r\u00e9tro\u00e9clairage, nous v\u00e9rifions d'abord si le panneau LCD assembl\u00e9 est complet, puis nous assemblons le r\u00e9tro\u00e9clairage. Le r\u00e9tro\u00e9clairage est la source lumineuse derri\u00e8re le panneau LCD.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">4) Enfin, fixer le CELL et le cadre m\u00e9tallique avec des vis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">5) Ensuite, nous entrons dans le processus de test final cl\u00e9, effectuant un test de vieillissement sur les modules assembl\u00e9s, et \u00e9liminant les produits de mauvaise qualit\u00e9 dans un \u00e9tat sous tension et \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">6) Les produits de la meilleure qualit\u00e9 peuvent \u00eatre emball\u00e9s et exp\u00e9di\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Nous proposons la vente en gros et la personnalisation de panneaux TFT LCD courants de 1,3\u2033 \u00e0 24\u2033. Si vous avez des projets n\u00e9cessitant ces produits, n'h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 nous contacter. De plus, nous avons en stock diff\u00e9rentes tailles d'\u00e9crans miniatures FLCOS et OLED, et nous pouvons \u00e9galement fournir des \u00e9crans LCD de type barre pour publicit\u00e9 dans les centres commerciaux. Les demandes de gros pour la production en s\u00e9rie sont les bienvenues.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Lecture recommand\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt\"><strong>Comment prolonger la dur\u00e9e de vie de votre \u00e9cran LCD ?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/how-to-prolong-the-life-of-your-lcd-display\/\">Liste des \u00e9crans LCD TFT de 10,2\u2033 \u00e0 24\u2033<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/lcd-tft-display-module-list-1-3-10-1-lcd-panel-manufacturer-price\/\">Liste des modules d'affichage LCD TFT, panneaux LCD de 1,3\u2033 \u00e0 10,1\u2033, prix fabricant<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rjoytek.com\/tft-lcd-panel-10-2-24-lcd-display-list\/\">Processus de fabrication du fabricant de TFT LCD<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The TFT-LCD panel generally speaking is a liquid crystal layer that is sandwiched between two glass substrates, the upper glass substrate is combined with a color filter, and the lower glass is embedded with transistors. The upper glass is bonded with the color filter so that each pixel (Pixel) contains [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7534,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[425],"tags":[205,206],"class_list":["post-7531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tft-basics","tag-tft-lcd-manufacturing-principle","tag-tft-lcd-manufacturing-process"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.8.3.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The TFT-LCD panel generally speaking is a liquid crystal layer that is sandwiched between two glass substrates, the upper glass substrate is combined with a color filter, and the lower glass is embedded with transistors. 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